Health & Fitness

The shift from manual to oral communication in our interactions with technology can affect what consumers disclose about themselves.

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Antibiotic treatment disrupts the balance of beneficial and harmful bacteria in a person's gut. That disruption can lead to the overgrowth of fungal species in the gut mycobiota, including the common intestinal yeast Candida albicans. However, researchers only have a limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Researchers now report on how treatment with a common beta-lactam antibiotic led to significant changes in C. albicans in patients.

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The Socceroos are stealing hearts and building hope that they could go further than ever before in this World Cup.

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Soon after cholesterol and fat start depositing on the lining of the blood vessels that supply your heart, the smooth muscle cells that give the blood vessels strength and flexibility start to get bigger and multiply. While scientists studying the phenomenon suspect these vascular smooth muscle cells are trying to help, this atypical behavior for these strong cells instead contributes to coronary artery disease, the most common type of heart disease in the United States.

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Past social trauma is encoded by a population of stress/threat-responsive brain cells that become hyperactivated during subsequent interaction with non-threatening social targets. As a consequence, previously rewarding social targets are now perceived as social threats, which promotes generalized social avoidance and impaired social reward processing that can contribute to psychiatric disorders.

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In 2018, researchers developed the 'Hikikomori Questionnaire (HQ-25)' to assess and identify hikikomori, a condition of pathological social withdrawal lasting more than six months. Now, the team has developed a new questionnaire they call HQ-25M in hopes of identifying the condition within just one month. Their initial analysis showed validation of the questionnaire as a possible tool for early detection of hikikomori.

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A new study has identified a less invasive way to treat a subset of head and neck cancers that could potentially change the standard of care for patients. Combining radiation and immunotherapy primes patients for more successful surgeries, better responses to treatment and better quality of life.

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Researchers used machine learning to pinpoint the most accurate means, and timelines, for anticipating the advancement of Alzheimer's disease in people who are either cognitively normal or experiencing mild cognitive impairment.

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Adding additional salt to foods at a lower frequency is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease, heart failure and ischemic heart disease, according to a new study.

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Gene variants associated with leukemia can produce 'rogue' immune cells that drive autoimmune diseases, according to a new study.

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Researchers have shown that astrocytes in the mouse brain exhibit an acid response with intensified epileptic seizures. The astrocytes' acid response could lead to the amplification of excitatory neuronal signals and be the underlying drive for generating plasticity for epileptogenesis.

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A common chemotherapy drug could carry a toxic inheritance for children and grandchildren of adolescent cancer survivors, new research indicates. The study found that male rats who received the drug ifosfamide during adolescence had offspring and grand-offspring with increased incidence of disease. While other research has shown that cancer treatments can increase patients' chance of developing disease later in life, this is one of the first-known studies showing that susceptibility can be passed down to a third generation of unexposed offspring.

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Scientists fear that viruses frozen for over 50,000 years could once again rear their heads as the ice melts and the cells are released from their preservation.

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Researchers have designed cancer-fighting nanoparticles that co-deliver a chemotherapy drug and a novel immunotherapy, according to a new study.

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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most common types of epilepsy worldwide. Although symptomatic medications are available, one-third of TLE patients remain unresponsive to current treatment, so new drug targets are critically needed. Neuroscientist have recently identified and developed a new drug candidate that has potential for effectively treating TLE by suppressing neuroinflammation.

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Nearly 1 in 7 Americans experience bloating on a weekly basis, and most aren't seeking professional care for it, according to a new study.

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Understanding how bats tolerate viral infections without developing symptoms may lead to better ways of combating human disease.

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In a step likely to advance personalized cancer treatment, scientists have for the first time shown in patients that levels of biomarkers are not enough to tell which patients are likely to respond best to immunotherapy. Instead, clinicians need to understand how immune cells and tumors are interacting within a patient, rather than simply the levels of each associated proteins present, to prescribe the best treatment.

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You might have wondered why your poop sometimes has corn in it. Is there something wrong with you? Well, we finally have an answer, and it has us appreciating corn in a whole new way.

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After months and months of wet weather, warmer and drier days are now (hopefully) upon us, but if you haven’t quite shaken off your winter blues just yet, don’t sweat it. Here, wellness experts reveal the 10 best ways to prepare for the busy summer months ahead, and how you can make the most of the extra sunshine.

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According to a new study, fossils of a tiny sea creature with a delicately preserved nervous system solve a century-old debate over how the brain evolved in arthropods, the most species-rich group in the animal kingdom. Combining detailed anatomical studies of the fossilized nervous system with analyses of gene expression patterns in living descendants, they conclude that a shared blueprint of brain organization has been maintained from the Cambrian until today.

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A new study of thousands of people reveals a wide range in the amount of water people consume around the globe and over their lifespans, definitively spilling the oft-repeated idea that eight, 8-ounce glasses meet the human body's daily needs. Differences in environment, body composition and activity level contribute to daily water turnover of as little as 1 liter and as much as 10 liters.

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From delaying clearing out your bedside table cups to shaking your leg, just about every ‘habit’ is being said to be a predictor of ADHD on TikTok, but should we really be listening?

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Martha Kalifatidis and Michael Brunelli of MAFS have revealed their difficult pregnancy journey, beginning with a diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) five weeks into pregnancy. Here's everything you need to know about HG to avoid experiencing the same shock.

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With the discussion surrounding menstrual leave only increasing, it's time woman become more comfortable calling in sick during their cycle.

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Scientists have discovered why some coronaviruses are more likely to cause severe disease, which has remained a mystery, until now. Researchers say their findings could lead to the development of a pan-coronavirus treatment to defeat all coronaviruses -- from the 2002 SARS-CoV outbreak to Omicron, the current variant of SARS-CoV-2, as well as dangerous variants that may emerge in future.

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A new study demonstrated that shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is associated with an almost 30% higher long-term risk of a major cardiovascular event such a stroke or heart attack.

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New research demonstrates that certain chemical coatings, applied to micro/nanoparticles, can alter their swimming propulsion within biological fluids.

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In severe epilepsies, surgical intervention is often the only remedy -- usually with great success. While neuropsychological performance can recover in the long term after successful surgery, on rare occasions, unexpected declines in cognitive performance occur. Researchers have now been able to show which patients are at particularly high risk for this.

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New research has identified a new hallmark of the neurodegenerative disorder, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), revealing a likely molecular trigger of the disease.

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This week, Dr. Deb Cohen-Jones debunks the myth that acne and skin breakouts are only associated with your adolescent years, and how you can prevent poor skin health in your 30's. 

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A form of blood cancer known as mantle cell lymphoma is critically dependent on a protein that coordinates gene expression, such that blocking its activity with an experimental drug dramatically slows the growth of this lymphoma in preclinical tests.

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Though antiretroviral therapy has made HIV a manageable disease, people living with HIV often suffer from chronic inflammation. This can put them at an increased risk of developing comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive dysfunction, impacting the longevity and quality of their lives. Now, a new study explains why chronic inflammation may be happening and how suppression or even eradication of HIV in the body may not resolve it.

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A daily cup of tea could help you to enjoy better health late in life -- however if you're not a tea drinker, there are other things you can add to your diet. The key is flavonoids, which are naturally occurring substances found in many common foods and beverages such as black and green tea, apples, nuts, citrus fruit, berries and more.

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New research suggests aging is an important component of retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma, and that novel pathways can be targeted when designing new treatments for glaucoma patients.

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Men care more about their partner’s weight, while women care more about their lover’s height. Let’s discuss. 

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Organs in the human body have complex networks of fluid-filled tubes and loops. They come in different shapes and their three-dimensional structures are differently connected to each other, depending on the organ. During the development of an embryo, organs develop their shape and tissue architecture out of a simple group of cells. Due to a lack of concepts and tools, it is challenging to understand how shape and the complex tissue network arise during organ development. Metrics for organ development have now been defined.

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Radiotherapy has emerged as an important component of breast cancer treatment but can lead to cancer-related fatigue and negatively impact patients' health-related quality of life. Research has revealed exercise may make the treatment more tolerable for patients.

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Rutgers scientists have developed a new approach to stopping viral infections: a so-called live-attenuated, replication-defective DNA virus vaccine that uses a compound known as centanamycin to generate an altered virus for vaccine development.

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Researchers have grown 'mini eyes', which make it possible to study and better understand the development of blindness in a rare genetic disease called Usher syndrome for the first time.

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When her father died of cancer, Ronnie promised herself and him that she would take her weight loss seriously and live boldly. She has lost 29kg since joining 28 by Sam Wood, and no longer puts life off.

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Australian pro-basketballer Isaac Humphries has announced he's gay. As the first openly gay basketball player in the NBL, he hopes his announcement will mean players to come will feel more comfortable expressing their true selves whilst still playing elite sport.

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So far, there no uniform guidelines have existed for the treatment of arthritis of the jaw, a potentially debilitating consequence of juvenile arthritis.

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Scientists have identified a key protein that helps tumors evade attacks by the immune system, contributing to poor responses to immunotherapy in the clinic.

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Researchers have developed a new method of protecting organs during heart and aortic surgery when blood circulation has to be blocked. Rather than relying on cold temperatures to induce hypometabolism and reduce the need for oxygen, the technique works by stimulating Q neurons in the brain, which slows metabolism down to a hibernation-like state. The findings could lead to new ways of performing similar surgeries in people.

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No amount of alcohol consumption is safe for a developing fetus. A new study presents in molecular detail how alcohol harms growth and functioning of developing brain organoids.

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An unusual type of antibody that even at miniscule levels neutralizes the Zika virus and renders the virus infection undetectable in preclinical models has been identified.

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Researchers found a link between deprivation in childhood and impulsive behavior -- leading to addictions later in life. The findings, which are a culmination of six years of research, also found a further link between impulsivity, obesity and the cost of living crisis.

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Tick-borne pathogens, known for causing illnesses such as Lyme disease, are on the rise in Central Canada -- presenting new risks in areas where they were never previously detected. The findings demonstrate the need for more comprehensive testing and tracking to detect the spread and potential risk of tick-borne pathogens to human and wildlife populations throughout Canada.

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A new study found that about 45 percent of patients who visit the emergency department for physical injuries and ailments also have mental health and substance use problems that are often overlooked.

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The gene DDX41 encodes the nuclear enzyme, DEAD-box-type RNA helicase. Mutation of DDX41 leads to hematopoietic cancers. However, the mechanism underlying this malignancy development is unclear. To this end, researchers characterized the functional significance of DDX41 in great detail. Their findings reveal that DDX41 serves crucial functions in transcriptional processes, RNA splicing, and overall genomic integrity maintenance. The findings may hold significance in treating hematopoietic malignancies.

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Researchers discover link between the protein medin and Alzheimer's disease.

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Researchers have shown that patients with acute COVID-19 infection have increased levels of the cytokine IL-26 in their blood. Moreover, high IL-26 levels correlate with an exaggerated inflammatory response that signifies severe cases of the disease. The findings indicate that IL-26 is a potential biomarker for severe COVID-19.

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Less than half of mums meet the recommended levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity -- and mothers of younger children manage to do the least, researchers have found.

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Researchers are developing skin-like electronics paired with artificial intelligence for health monitoring and diagnosis.

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Don't spank your kids. That's the conventional wisdom that has emerged from decades of research linking corporal punishment to a decline in adolescent health and negative effects on behavior, including an increased risk for anxiety and depression. Now, a new study explores how corporal punishment might impact neural systems to produce those adverse effects.

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Preserving and restoring natural habitats could prevent pathogens that originate in wildlife from spilling over into domesticated animals and humans, according to two new companion studies.

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In people carrying the APOE4 risk variant, a key brain cell type mismanages cholesterol needed to insulate neurons properly --another sign that APOE4 contributes to disease by disrupting lipids in the brain.

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Two new studies reveal how bacteria infiltrate tumors and could be helping tumors progress and spread and suggest a link between oral health and cancer, as microbes in the mouth are associated with cancers elsewhere in the body. The two articles focus on an oral bacterium called Fusobacterium nucleatum, which has been linked to colorectal cancer.

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Australian health officials have been forced to do a recall after seeds with dangerous levels of opioid alkaloid ‘thebaine’ were detected.

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The method by which a baby was delivered is associated with how its immune system will respond to two key childhood vaccines, research suggests. Babies born naturally were found to have higher antibody levels, compared with those born via Caesarian section after receiving their jabs that protect against bacteria that cause lung infections and meningitis. Experts say the findings could help to inform conversations about C-sections between expectant mothers and their doctors, and shape the design of more tailored vaccination programs.

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Scientists have made bone marrow 'organoids' that capture the key features of human bone marrow.

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Patients with advanced ankle osteoarthritis who undergo surgery see equally good outcomes from the two main surgical treatments for osteoarthritis, a new study has shown.

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An analysis of massive amounts of genetic data on the SARS-CoV-2 virus suggests that COVID-19 variants worldwide are repeatedly evolving the same mutations, according to a new study.

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Leprosy is one of the world's oldest and most persistent diseases but the bacteria that cause it may also have the surprising ability to grow and regenerate a vital organ. Scientists have discovered that parasites associated with leprosy can reprogram cells to increase the size of a liver in adult animals without causing damage, scarring or tumors. The findings suggest the possibility of adapting this natural process to renew aging livers and increase healthspan -- the length of time living disease-free -- in humans.

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Scientists have developed a novel concept of a nose-to-brain system for the clinical application of neuropeptides. They developed a derivative of glucagon-like peptide-2 and found that when administered intranasally, it is efficiently delivered through the trigeminal nerve to the site of action and exhibits antidepressant-like effects. This is the first demonstration in the world that intranasally administered neuropeptides reach the brain (hippocampus and hypothalamus) via neurons.

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Healthier plant-based dietary patterns were associated with better environmental health, while less healthy plant-based dietary patterns, which are higher in foods like refined grains and sugar-sweetened beverages, required more cropland and fertilizer, according to a new study.

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In the days following the release of hundreds of "abortion files" to the dark web, there's one way that Australian women can reclaim their power around this deeply misogynist act. 

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Melbourne water has taken the title of the best tasting tap water in Australia in 2022, and we're all just jealous. Here's why... 

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Princess Diana was known for her love of the gym and working out, but a new episode of The Crown reminded us that she lived and breathed wellness in her later life.

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The NSW government will follow the Queensland government in a trial allowing pharmacists to prescribe for ailments that have previously only been treatable by general practitioners.

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At last, the burden of birth control could be evenly split.

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Every year, clinical nutritionist Sarah Di Lorenzo's confidence grows. She cares less about what other people think, and she knows exactly what her body needs to thrive. Today, just six weeks before her 50th birthday, Di Lorenzo tells Body+Soul how she’s heading into her next decade in the best shape of her life.

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Researchers discovered that by blocking the production of an enzyme called DHODH, they were able to halt the growth of MYC gene-amplified medulloblastoma in mouse models, the most aggressive subtype of this cancer.

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Researchers have captured the first real-time footage of viruses on the move, right before they hijack a cell.

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Scientists have used a proteomics approach to identify a three-protein signature in the blood that can improve detection of isolated impaired glucose tolerance, a form of prediabetes.

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Mary Flip, an artist who recently celebrated her 101st birthday, attributes her long life to her love of tequila.

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People living with HIV have a significantly delayed internal body clock, consistent with the symptoms of jet lag, according to new findings.

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Puberty is reportedly beginning as early as the age of six or seven, according to doctors worldwide. Physicians are exploring why precocious puberty is happening earlier than ever before and what are it's associated risks.

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People who are vertically challenged are increasingly paying huge sums of money to have their limbs broken and stretched in order to gain height. While it might sound incredibly painful, many are saying it is worth it.

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Scientists have shown which blood metabolites are associated with the gut microbiome, genetics, or the interplay between both. Their findings have promising implications for guiding targeted therapies designed to alter the composition of the blood metabolome to improve human health.

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Engineers have shown that medical devices made from aluminum can be disintegrated within the body by exposing them to gallium-indium, a liquid metal that seeps into the boundaries between the grains of the metal.

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The experts weigh in on the dos and don'ts of number twos. 

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An innovative technology has been developed to enable bone regeneration to correct large bone defects by means of a special hydrogel. Following successful tests in an animal model, the researchers now plan to move forward to clinical trials.

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Countless tiny hairs (cilia) are found on the outer wall of some cells, for example in our lungs or in our brain. When these micrometer-sized hairs coordinate their movement and produce wave-like movements together, they can cause currents on a microscale and thus pump fluid from one place to another. Until now, this could only be studied in large computer simulations. However, more than a few thousand hairs cannot be simulated in this way. Now a continuum theory of micro-hairs has been developed -- a powerful and completely new approach.

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A linguistic analysis of Nazi propaganda suggests that dehumanization of Jews shifted over time, with propaganda after the onset of the Holocaust portraying Jews as having a greater capacity for agency, relative to earlier propaganda focused on disengaging moral concern.

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In Alzheimer's disease, the degeneration of brain cells is linked to formation of toxic protein aggregates and deposits known as amyloid plaques. Similar processes play an important role also in type 2 diabetes. A research team has now developed 'mini-proteins', so-called peptides, which are able to bind the proteins that form amyloids and prevent their aggregation into cytotoxic amyloids.

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A definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) was once only possible after someone had died, but recent biomarker studies have led to the development of imaging and spinal fluid tests for those still living. However, the tests can only monitor severe disease, differentiating advanced AD from related disorders. Researchers have now identified a biomarker that could help physicians diagnose AD earlier, as a patient transitions into mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

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24-year-old Sydney man Lachie Keen who is undergoing treatment Hodgkin’s lymphoma opens up about the less talked about side effect of cancer treatment: Financial stress.

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The ever-growing burden of mental illness poses an increasing challenge for society, and the development of psychological interventions via the traditional route is simply unable to keep pace. A new method could this problem.

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In the battle of the sexes, women beat men in their ability to recover from kidney injury, but the reasons are not well understood. A study provides some insights: Females, it turns out, have an advantage at the molecular level that protects them from a form of cell death that occurs in injured kidneys. This protection could be exploited as a potential therapeutic.

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Schwannomas are the most common nerve sheath tumor. They can occur in anyone but are also linked to a hereditary condition known as Neurofibromatosis Type II (NF2). With an urgent need for new treatments, an international team of scientists showed that after just 21 days of two experimental drugs being administered, tumor growth can be strongly and significantly reduced.

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Motivation is affected by oxidative stress in the brain, a study shows. The findings also suggest motivation can be improved through nutritional interventions.

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Most languages lack a specialized vocabulary to describe smell experiences. People instead use words from other domains, such as 'heavy', 'good' or 'fruity', when talking about smells. But which words are really used and how do they relate to each other? This has been answered for English by researchers by using a fully automatic method that is based on texts from the Internet.

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COVID-19 patients placed on ventilators can take a long time to regain consciousness. New research is now illustrating that these delays may serve a purpose: protecting the brain from oxygen deprivation.

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To find out how different aspects of music influence the body, researchers turned a live electronic music concert into a lab study. By introducing levels of bass over speakers that were too low to hear and monitoring the crowd's movements, scientists found that people danced 11.8 percent more when the very low frequency bass was present.

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, significantly more children and young people had already developed diabetic ketoacidosis when diagnosed with type 1 diabetes than in previous years, according to a new study.

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Our brains 'time-stamp' the order of incoming sounds, allowing us to correctly process the words that we hear, shows a new study by a team of psychology and linguistics researchers. Its findings offer new insights into the intricacies of neurological function.

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Saylor Thomson was born three months premature at Mater Mothers' Hospital in August with the largest sacrococcygeal teratoma tumour surgeons had ever seen, weighing more than double her one-kilogram body weight.

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Australia’s medicine regulator is pushing for more rules to prevent people building up large quantities of paracetamol in homes, but chronic-pain advocates stand staunchly against the change.

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New research has shown Australians are burning the midnight oil, but aren't having as much to show for it. 

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) can cause significant abdominal weight gain known as 'PCOS belly' and here are the nutrition and lifestyle changes you can make to reduce your symptoms...

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New findings from a meta-analysis examine the biological mechanisms responsible for why some people's immune systems respond differently to vaccinations, which could have global implications for the development and administration of vaccines.

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Changing the wording about expiration dates on perishable food items -- which is currently unregulated and widely variable -- could help reduce food waste, according to a new study.

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Between maintaining a career, carving out time for a social life and raising a family, wellness is often the first thing to slip when life throws you a curveball. But as TV presenter Tara Rushton tells Body+Soul, it doesn’t have to be that way if you add in some self-care wherever you can. Here, Rushton explains how she prioritises her healthy lifestyle – and also makes it a family affair.

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Life on land may have quieted down during the height of the pandemic, but far offshore the Atlantic Ocean was just as active as ever according to a new study. Researchers found that there was no significant change in the continental shelf's underwater soundscape during the year 2020 -- a surprising contrast to earlier reports of quieter coastal waters during that same timeframe.

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Scientists illuminated the molecular events underlying an inherited movement and neurodegenerative disorder known as ARSACS -- Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay, named for two Quebec valleys where the first cases were found.

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A new treatment for neurological and psychiatric diseases, that works by reducing the excitability of overactive brain cells, has been developed.

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New research shows how click chemistry can be used to more efficiently deliver drugs to treat tumors in large dogs with bone cancer -- a process that had previously only been successful in small mice.

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Sex differences in the aging brain may offer an enticing clue for developing more effective neuroprotective treatments, according to a new research strategy.

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A new study found that the risk of stomach bleeding caused by using aspirin long-term, can be reduced with a short course of antibiotics, potentially improving the safety of aspirin when used to prevent heart attacks, strokes and possibly some cancers.

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Patients with cancer and a weakened immune system who are treated with immunotherapies tend to fare far worse from COVID-19 than those who haven't received such therapies in the three months before their COVID diagnosis, show findings in a new study. Researchers found worse outcomes in both the disease itself as well as the fierce immune response that sometimes accompanies it.

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After trialling every diet under the sun, Jaymie Hooper was sceptical to try another low-carb meal plan, but the 3 Week Body Reset program by Health with Bec changed her mind.

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Finding uncovers a key property needed for CELMoD drugs, a type of protein degrader, to work effectively.

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Researchers have developed a fast and cost-effective method to test liquids for a ubiquitous family of chemical compounds known as amphiphiles, which are used to detect diseases such as early-stage tuberculosis and cancer as well as to detect toxins in drugs, food, medical devices and water supplies.

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Schizophrenia patients have fewer connections between nerve cells. This is believed to be caused by genetic risk variants leading to an excessive elimination of nerve cell connections by the immune cells of the brain. Researchers now report that the levels of protein from the relevant risk gene are elevated in first-episode patients and that inflammation further increases the expression of the risk gene.

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Cancer cells have a series of features that allow the immune system to identify and attack them. However, these same cells create an environment that blocks immune cells and protects the tumor. This means that immune cells cannot reach the cancer cells to remove them. The scientific community has been working for years to increase the effectiveness of the immune system against cancer by using vaccines based on dead tumor cells.

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A study shows there are 2.5 times as many breast cancer survivors in Canada today as there were in 2007 -- a success story that brings some new health challenges.

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Six years after doctors implanted a "bionic penis" on Malcolm MacDonald's forearm when he lost his original member to sepsis, it has been surgically reattached to his genital area.

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Australian researchers have recently discovered an effect of Covid-19 on the human brain that shows unwavering similarities to certain characteristics of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer’s.

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An international team of scientists has discovered how cancer cells exposed to high viscosity environments change the way they move to improve their invasiveness and favor metastases. The studies provide new targets for the design of possible cancer therapies.

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In the 20 years obesity among adults has risen significantly. Data show that one third of U.S. adults 20 years of age and older have obesity. Obesity continues to be a common, serious and costly disease. Scientists discuss the many different theories explaining why obesity continues to increase despite best efforts at controlling weight gain in this environment, including increased availability and marketing of high-calorie and high-glycemic-index foods and drinks, larger food portions, leisure time physical activities being replaced with sedentary activities such as watching television and use of electronic devices, inadequate sleep, and the use of medications that increase weight.

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