Health & Fitness

A clinical trial showed a remarkable 20 percent advantage in the two-year overall survival rate for people with advanced melanoma who first received immunotherapy (72 percent survival rate) versus those who initially got targeted therapies (52 percent survival rate). Progression-free survival, where the cancer is stable or improving, was also trending in favor of those who started on immunotherapy.

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Since their discovery over 100 years ago, neurons in the brain's olfactory bulb, called tufted cells, have been difficult to study. By leveraging new technology, neuroscientists were able to precisely dissect the neural activity of these tufted cells for the first time. They discovered the tufted cells were better at recognizing smells than mitral cells, their neighboring neurons in the olfactory bulb. Their findings offer new explanations for how the brain processes sensory information.

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Today, machine learning helps determine the loan we qualify for, the job we get, and even who goes to jail. But when it comes to these potentially life-altering decisions, can computers make a fair call? Researchers have shown that with human supervision, people think a computer's decision can be as fair as a decision primarily made by humans.

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The model of an ICU housed within an emergency department has been found to both decrease mortality rates and ICU admission rates for ED patients. A new study finds that the ED-ICU model achieves both of those measures without raising costs. Researchers say the model can be adopted by systems across the country to improve quality of care.

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A new study focused on the immune system's Th17 cells suggests that the shape and function of their mitochondria (the powerhouse of cells) is important in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis.

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Herbaria collections have long served as a vital record of what plant species exist on Earth and where they grow. But hidden within the desiccated leaves, stems, flowers and roots is far more information on how the plants interacted with their environment while they were alive. Until now the only way to learn about these traits from herbarium collections has required destroying bits of the precious specimens. But recently researchers have developed a fast, nondestructive way of estimating the functional traits of herbarium specimens.

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