Health & Fitness

A new study has created the world's largest and most comprehensive map of normal breast tissue, providing an unprecedented understanding of mammary biology that may help identify therapeutic targets for diseases such as breast cancer. The Human Breast Cell Atlas used single-cell and spatial genomic methods to profile more than 714,000 cells from 126 women. The breast atlas highlights 12 major cell types and 58 biological cell states, and identifies differences based on ethnicity, age and the menopause status of healthy women.

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After numerous brain surgeries and another scheduled, Lana Hallowes has learnt the importance of living in the present moment.  

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Water fasts -- where people consume nothing but water for several days -- might help you lose weight, but it's unclear how long you'll keep it off, according to new research. And the other metabolic benefits of water fasts, such as lower blood pressure and improved cholesterol, seem to disappear soon after the fast ends, the researchers found.

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A group used a nematode model to discover that the weakening of the learning ability of older individuals does not occur when their diet includes the bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri. Since such bacteria are commonly found in the human gut, these findings suggest ways to use diet to reduce age-related cognitive decline.

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The star revealed in an emotional Instagram post that her fourth child, Wren Alexander Stephens, was born via surrogate. For Australians though, the laws are very different.

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Researchers have developed a new type of tumor-targeted alpha-particle therapy that has the potential to generically treat several kinds of cancer, with fewer negative side effects than currently available methods. The proof-of-concept study showed that tumors in mice grew almost three times less and survival was 100% after just one injection of a compound that is designed to emit small amounts of alpha radiation from the inside of cancer cells, thus killing them but sparing healthy tissue.

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Researchers reveal how cells accelerate changes to their identity, a process known as cell fate conversion. The study has implications for cancer research as the disease often arises from errors in cell fate decisions. The study could eventually lead to new methods of accelerating or manipulating the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of cancer.

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People can be prone to believe in conspiracy theories due to a combination of personality traits and motivations, including relying strongly on their intuition, feeling a sense of antagonism and superiority toward others, and perceiving threats in their environment, according to new research.

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Scientists in South Korea have discovered a correlation between the size of a man's nose and the size of his penis. 

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T cells experience different mechanical signals in different tissues. Researchers have engineered a tissue-mimicking hydrogel model to show that more elastic tissues induce T cells to become effector-like T cells with strong tumor-killing potential, while more viscous tissues induce them to become memory-like T cells. This new concept could help advance adaptive T cell therapies by producing desired patient-specific T cell populations in the dish that could provide stronger effects when infused back into the same patient.

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Scientists have created a stem cell-derived model of the human embryo in the lab by reprogramming human stem cells. The breakthrough could help research into genetic disorders and in understanding why and how pregnancies fail.

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Scientists have invented a paper-like, battery-free, AI-enabled sensor patch -- PETAL -- for convenient and effective monitoring of wound recovery. This novel technology provides early warning of complications to improve wound care. The paper-like, battery-free PETAL sensor patch uses five colorimetric sensors to measure biomarkers in the wound within 15 mins. A proprietary AI algorithm quickly analyses the digital image of the sensor patch to determine wound healing status with an accuracy rate of 97%.

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For the first two weeks of life, mice with a hereditary form of deafness have nearly normal neural activity in the auditory system, according to a new study. Previous studies indicate that this early auditory activity -- before the onset of hearing -- provides a kind of training to prepare the brain to process sound when hearing begins.

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A sense of purpose in life -- whether it's a high-minded quest to make a difference or a simple hobby with personal meaning -- can offer potent protection against loneliness, according to new research.

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It could be the shopping trip that saves your life: supermarket trolleys are helping to diagnose atrial fibrillation which can then be treated to prevent disabling or fatal strokes.

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It's believed close to two million Australians live with diabetes - and that number will continue to grow, putting enormous strain on not only our health system but the world's, experts say.

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The negative side effects of using Ozempic as a weight-loss drug are off-putting and at times a little gross. They can also come for your vanity. Gasp! But there is a positive side effect that's helping women kick a dangerous habit.

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Scientists have pinpointed the day you're most likely to have a heart attack, and it's not for the reason you might think.

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From vitamins to raw garlic, most of us have bought food, drinks or supplements in the hope they’ll keep us fighting fit. But is there any science behind these popular fixes?

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In the space of a few months generative AI models, such as ChatGPT, Google's Bard and Midjourney, have been adopted by more and more people in a variety of professional and personal ways. But growing research is underlining that they are encoding biases and negative stereotypes in their users, as well as mass generating and spreading seemingly accurate but nonsensical information. Worryingly, marginalized groups are disproportionately affected by the fabrication of this nonsensical information.

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Clinicians have a new standard for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, according to results from a phase III study. The new standard is more effective at preventing GVHD and came with less side effects, compared with the current gold standard.

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Small-cell lung cancer is a particularly aggressive type of tumor with a consistently high mortality rate. In recent years, the research of scientists has significantly contributed to a better understanding and new therapeutic approaches in this malignant disease.

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The genetic causes of very early menopause will have to be reconsidered after researchers found that nearly all women who carried variations thought to cause the condition in fact had their menopause at an older age.

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Engineers designed a technology to probe connections between the brain and the digestive tract. Using fibers embedded with a variety of sensors, as well as optogenetic stimulation, the researchers could control neural circuits connecting the gut and the brain, in mice.

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Critical insights into why airborne viruses lose their infectivity have been uncovered. The findings reveal how cleaner air kills the virus significantly quicker and why opening a window may be more important than originally thought. The research could shape future mitigation strategies for new viruses.

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American singer Kesha has opened up about her near-death experience after taking her reproductive health into her own hands. 

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Erectile dysfunction affects one in 10 men over the age of 40 and is one of the biggest barriers to a healthy sex life in middle-aged couples. Finally, there's now a topical treatment to help get it up in a matter of minutes.

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New research has revealed everyone's brain has a 'pain fingerprint' that varies from person to person.

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The herpes simplex virus-1 can sometimes cause a dangerous brain infection. Combining an anti-inflammatory and an antiviral could help in these cases, report scientists.

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A new survey finds that the American public is ill-informed about RSV, unfamiliar with its most common symptoms, and more hesitant to recommend a vaccine against it to pregnant people than to older adults.

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A study has shown that prazosin, a drug used to treat high blood pressure, can prevent post-traumatic headaches.

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Kinesiologists at McMaster University have found ketone supplements, used by some athletes hoping to cross the finish line faster, may in fact worsen performance. The new study tackles contradictory research findings related to the effectiveness of ketone supplements, which have gained popularity among athletes seeking a competitive advantage.

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Social influence from phone communications is significant, reaching as far as four degrees of separation from the original caller, according to a new study.

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Probiotics can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome or restore populations of 'good bacteria' after a heavy course of antibiotics. But now, they could also be used as an effective treatment strategy for certain intestinal diseases, such as Crohn's disease. Researchers have developed a microgel delivery system for probiotics that keeps 'good' bacteria safe while actively clearing out 'bad' ones. In mice, the system treated intestinal inflammation without side effects.

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Scientists discover a treatment in mice to repair the blood-brain barrier, which is key to brain health.

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Against all odds, it turns out energy drinks could be good for your health, after new research reveals they contact the 'elixir of life'.

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Adults who live in walkable neighborhoods are more likely to socialize and have a stronger sense of community, report researchers.

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New data reveals the countries around the world where women have the biggest - and the smallest - breasts. Here's what it means for your health.

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A team of researchers has developed a new method for controlling lower limb exoskeletons using deep reinforcement learning. The method enables more robust and natural walking control for users of lower limb exoskeletons. "Robust walking control of a lower limb rehabilitation exoskeleton coupled with a musculoskeletal model via deep reinforcement learning" is available open access.

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Do you have a chronic cough, chest pains and fatigue? Or still haven't regained your sense of taste or smell? You might have long COVID.

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The same type of machine learning methods used to pilot self-driving cars and beat top chess players could help type-1 diabetes sufferers keep their blood glucose levels in a safe range.

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A new, AI-based technique for measuring fluid flow in the brain could lead to treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's.

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About 47 million homes use natural gas or propane-burning cooktops and ovens. Researchers found that cooking with gas stoves can raise indoor levels of the carcinogen benzene above those found in secondhand smoke.

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Adverse cognitive effects linked to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure, a type of endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), have the potential to be passed down through generations, according to an animal study.

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Researchers look at how AI (large language models or LLMs in particular) could change the nature of social science research.

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Researchers have long known that moderate exercise has a beneficial impact on the body's response to inflammation, but what's been less understood is why. New research done on a mouse model suggests that the answers may lie at the production level of macrophages -- white blood cells responsible for killing off infections, healing injury and otherwise acting as first responders in the body.

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Researchers found college students who tried to cut their social media use to 30 minutes per day scored significantly lower for anxiety, depression, loneliness and fear of missing out at the end of the two-week experiment and when compared to the control group.

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Newborns delivered by cesarean section who are swabbed with the vaginal fluid of their mothers after birth have beneficial bacteria restored to their skin surface and stools, according to a new study. In the first randomized study of its kind, a team of researchers found the process, known as vaginal seeding, definitively engrafted new strains of maternal bacteria in the babies' bodies.

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Researchers develop new diagnostic tool to visualize protein biomarkers of well-developed sperm to determine if surgical sperm extraction may be successful for certain infertile men.

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Researchers have created a small device that 'sees' and creates memories in a similar way to humans, in a promising step towards one day having applications that can make rapid, complex decisions such as in self-driving cars. The neuromorphic invention is a single chip enabled by a sensing element, doped indium oxide, that's thousands of times thinner than a human hair and requires no external parts to operate.

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Neuroscientists have long searched for ways to reopen 'critical periods' in the brain, when mammals are more sensitive to signals from their surroundings that can influence periods of brain development. Now, researchers say a new study in mice shows that psychedelic drugs are linked by their common ability to reopen such critical periods, but differ in the length of time the critical period is open -- from two days to four weeks with a single dose.

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Employees who frequently interact with artificial intelligence systems are more likely to experience loneliness that can lead to insomnia and increased after-work drinking, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.

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A researcher who helped to develop the popular weight-loss drug Ozempic has explained why people will likely only use the injectable for around two years.

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Ever considered nootropics to help you power through the afternoon slump at work? It might be time to think twice, as researchers have found these cognitive enhancers may actually be impeding your performance.

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Scientists have created one of the most detailed 3D images of the synapse, the important juncture where neurons communicate with each other through an exchange of chemical signals. These nanometer scale models will help scientists better understand and study neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease and schizophrenia.

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Conflict is unavoidable in all marriages. When it erupts in families with children, stressed or angry parents may take their pain out on the kids, projecting their anger or withdrawing emotionally or physically. In the worst cases, children's socioemotional development can suffer. But the way parents, especially fathers, deal with marital conflict can make a difference to kids, according to a new study.

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Many men in northern Europe over the age of 60 suffer from the so-called Viking disease, which means that the fingers lock in a bent position. Now researchers have used data from over 7,000 affected individuals to look for genetic risk factors for the disease. The findings show that three of the strongest risk factors are inherited from Neanderthals.

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Lady Gaga is under fire for a recent sponsored post on Instagram, as fans question her motive for schilling big pharma amidst a lack of support for the LGBTQIA+ community during Pride Month and damaging legislation in the US. 

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Results from a study of the use of a chatbot in the consent process show that it encourages inclusivity, and leads to faster completion and high levels of understanding. Whereas the traditional method of consenting does not have a mechanism to verify understanding objectively, the chat-based method can test comprehension. It does not allow users who do not show understanding to give consent; rather, it puts them in touch with a genetic counsellor to figure out why knowledge transmission did not occur. It could be accessed at any time; more than half the patients interacted with the bot during these times, and this shows its utility in decreasing the barriers to entry to trials.

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The host is happily in her single-girl era but she's not ruling out kids for her future, sharing on her podcast that she intends to freeze her eggs.

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Residents of the country will be offered free SPF this summer to help tackle record levels of skin cancer, but there’s one major issue.

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With life feeling busier than ever, millions of people are seeing this trend as the highest form of luxury - watching people do almost nothing.

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In a pioneering study involving serial entrepreneurs and managers, a multidisciplinary research team, combining entrepreneurship researchers and brain specialists, found evidence of increased neuronal connectivity in the brains of entrepreneurs, which may contribute to distinct cognitive attributes.

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A new study offers an explanation for why light-to-moderate alcohol consumption may be associated with lower risk of heart disease. For the first time, researchers found that alcohol, in light to moderate quantities, was associated with long-term reductions in stress signaling in the brain.

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Women who used combined contraceptive pills were at greater risk of developing depression than women who did not, according to a new study. Contraceptive pills increased women's risk by 73 per cent during the first two years of use.

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Have you ever wondered how drugs reach their targets and achieve their function within our bodies? If a drug molecule or a ligand is a message, an inbox is typically a receptor in the cell membrane. One such receptor involved in relaying molecular signals is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). About one-third of existing drugs work by controlling the activation of this protein. Researchers now reveal a new way of activating GPCR by triggering shape changes in the intracellular region of the receptor. This new process can help researchers design drugs with fewer or no side effects.

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Researchers have created a new method of studying the smallest bioparticles in the body. The study has considerable scientific potential, such as in the development of more effective vaccines.

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The study of more than 264,000 women found that teenage girls are at the highest risk, with a 130 per cent higher rate of depression.

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Do you use the hotel-provided toiletries when you go away? After hearing what a former hotel manager has to say, you might think a little differently. 

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Heavy alcohol consumption may cause permanent dysregulation of neurons, or brain cells, in adolescents, according to a new study in mice. The findings suggest that exposure to binge-levels of alcohol during adolescence, when the brain is still developing, lead to long-lasting changes in the brain's ability to signal and communicate -- potentially setting the stage for long-term behavioral changes and hinting towards the mechanisms of alcohol-induced cognitive changes in humans.

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This Men's Health Week we're focusing on the startling reality of melanoma- affecting twice as many Australian men than women. Body+Soul spoke with skin cancer physician Dr Scott McGregon and elite surfers about how to screen your men for creamy excuses and get them slip, slop slapping every day of the year. 

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Available in fruity flavours, touted as ‘safer than cigarettes’ and sold in your local convenience store, nicotine-filled vapes have wheedled their way into mainstream Australian culture. Now a whole new generation is at risk of addiction, undoing years of quit-smoking campaigns.

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Surgeons must look beyond the operating theatre and tackle three major challenges with the most potential to reduce major causes of death and improve access to surgical care, according to an international group of experts.

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Therapeutic nanocarriers engineered from adult skin cells can curb inflammation and tissue injury in damaged mouse lungs, new research shows, hinting at the promise of a treatment for lungs severely injured by infection or trauma.

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Researchers have shown that defective myelin actively promotes disease-related changes in Alzheimer's disease.

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This article was created in conjunction with one of our partners, Vida Glow.

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Family and loved ones may be conspiring to sabotage your weight loss journey, according to a new study. The study is part of a growing body of evidence which suggests that not all social support results in positive health outcomes.

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Large study in children reveals Selenomonas sputigena as a key partner of Streptococcus in cavity formation.

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The first human genome, which has served as the reference until now, was released approximately 20 years ago. It was a landmark accomplishment that had a huge impact on biomedical research and changed the way scientists study human biology. But it was based on just a few individuals and did not capture the full genetic diversity of the human population.

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Scientists discovered how to soften hair follicle stem cells to enable them to grow hair again. These cells stiffen with age and produce less hair. In a study in mice, the investigators report that they can soften the stem cells by boosting the production of a tiny RNA, miR-205, that relaxes the hardness of the cells. When scientists genetically manipulated the stem cells to produce more miR-205, it promoted hair growth in young and old mice.

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In one of the strangest youth-stealing schemes we've ever seen, a tech billionaire who spends over $2 million a year on staying young is taking blood from his 17-year-old son and giving the leftover to his 70-year-old father.

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While exercise and hormones contribute to your hair care routine, it turns out the shade of your locks - as well as if your hair is dyed or natural - also play a huge determining factor. 

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Teenagers and young adults are at an all-time high risk of contracting an STI as rates of common infections rise across Australia and the UK.

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The pandemic and its aftermath have raised anxiety to new levels. But the roots of anxiety-related conditions, including obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder (OCSD), are still unclear. In a new study, scientists discovered insights into the importance of a minor cell type in the brain -- microglia -- in controlling anxiety-related behaviors in laboratory mice. The findings could lead to new approaches for targeted therapies.

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Staying active could help keep the onset of type 2 diabetes at bay, even if someone has a genetic risk of developing the disease. Researchers say this highlights the importance of exercise in chronic disease prevention.

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Governments around the world must do more to tackle the growing threat of drug-resistant infections, according to new research. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites stop responding to medicines designed to treat them. After the World Health Organization declared AMR one of the top 10 public health threats facing humanity, national action plans to tackle the threat were developed by more than 100 countries. Academics say the plans focus on designing policies to curb AMR and devising tools to implement the policies -- but they do not adequately factor in monitoring and evaluation.

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Tyler Wright is one of Australia's most successful elite athletes - and she's joining the chorus of women voicing their real and raw experiences with debilitating period pain.

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Japanese citizens, who had long been accustomed to mask-wearing prior to the pandemic, are flocking to new classes with one goal in mind: relearning the art of the warm, unmasked smile.

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The ACT Government will provide period products free of charge at designated locations across the capital. 

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Whether it’s dropping a dress size before a big event or taking things slow, the likelihood of regaining weight that’s been lost either way is higher than you think.

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A new study brings together two schools of thought on the function of the neurotransmitter dopamine: one saying that dopamine provides a learning signal, the other saying that dopamine drives motivation.

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The tech company has doubled down on supporting mental health, announcing a new app and a spate of features and updates for your iPhone, iPad and Apple Watch.

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Scientists have shown that a new targeted therapy drug can extend the amount of time people with a subtype of glioma are on treatment without their cancer worsening. The finding suggests a possible new treatment option for people with the slow-growing but deadly brain tumor.

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Researchers have found that the ability to visually predict movement may be an important part of the ability to make a great catch -- or grab a moving object.

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Overall survival for patients with melanoma that has spread to the brain is only four to six months. Immunotherapies, which harness the power of the immune system to attack cancer cells, have garnered excitement in recent years for their potential to revolutionize the treatment of metastatic melanomas, but results from early clinical studies indicate that the prognosis for most patients remains poor. Now, scientists have integrated multiple therapeutic approaches to more effectively target melanoma in the brain. In preclinical studies, the scientists successfully activated immune responses in sophisticated mouse models that mimic human settings.

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It’s hard to believe that it’s been 16 years since Steve Jobs revealed the iPhone to the world. 

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For over a century, researchers have thought that the patterns of brain activity that define our experiences, hopes and dreams are determined by how different brain regions communicate with each other through a complex web of trillions of cellular connections. Now, a study has examined more than 10,000 different maps of human brain activity and found that the overall shape of a person's brain exerts a far greater influence on how we think, feel and behave than its intricate neuronal connectivity.

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In crisis, the nucleus calls antioxidant enzymes to the rescue. The nucleus being metabolically active is a profound paradigm shift with implications for cancer research.

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As the new mum teams up with Bonds for their Bonds Baby Search, she sat down with Body+Soul to discuss the highs and lows of motherhood, six months after welcoming her son Lucius into the world.

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Researchers have developed a low-cost, RNA-based technology to detect and measure biomarkers, which can help decode the body's physiology. The presence of protein biomarkers can indicate chronic or acute conditions, from arthritis to cancer to bacterial infections, for which conventional tests can cost anywhere from $100 to upwards of $1,000. The new technology can perform the same measurement for about a dollar.

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Cutting boards are handy tools found in most homes and restaurant kitchens. But a small-scale study suggests that they are an overlooked source of micrometer-sized particles. The researchers report that chopping up carrots on wood and plastic boards could produce tens of millions of microparticles a year. However, a toxicity test showed no substantial effect on mouse cell survival from polyethylene or wood microparticles released during chopping.

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For the first time ever, scientists have uncovered evidence that a species' long-term adaptation to living in an extremely cold climate has led to the evolution of social behaviours including extended care by mothers, increased infant survival and the ability to live in large complex multilevel societies.

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Whole-genomic sequencing has revolutionized the amount and detail of genetic diversity now available to researchers to study. While the researchers previously had looked at a few hundred mobile elements or 'jumping genes,' primarily of the Alu and L1 types, they were now able to analyze over 200,000 elements computationally, confirming and expanding on previous studies. Their findings provide more evidence of the fluidity of species and continuous spread of mobile and transposable genetic elements.

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Portable ultrasound devices could provide an alternative to x-ray machines for diagnosing forearm fractures in children in a move that could alleviate waiting times for families in hospital emergency departments (ED). Researchers compared functional outcomes in children given an ultrasound and those who received an x-ray on a suspected distal forearm fracture. The team treated 270 children, aged between five and 15 years, during the randomized trial, which included a check-up 28 days later and another check-in at eight weeks. The findings show the majority of children had similar recoveries and returned to full physical function.

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Researchers using dashcam footage of real-world collisions involving large trucks to analyze driver and vehicle behavior has found that anti-drowsiness alarms or similar technologies to prevent falling asleep at the wheel need to go beyond a focus on monitoring the drivers' eyes, and consider other microsleep behaviors including a relaxation of back and neck muscles and abnormal activity of the vehicle itself.

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Young babies make many squeals, vowel-like sounds, growls, and short word-like sounds such as 'ba' or 'aga.' Those precursors to speech or 'protophones' are later replaced with early words and, eventually, whole phrases and sentences. While some infants are naturally more 'talkative' than others, a new study confirms that there are differences between males and females in the number of those sounds.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a fatal motor neuron disease that causes people to gradually lose control of their muscles. There is no cure, and current treatments focus on reducing symptoms and providing supportive care. Researchers now show in an early clinical trial that the Parkinson's disease drug ropinirole is safe to use in ALS patients and delayed disease progression by 27.9 weeks on average.

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The results of a new clinical trial suggest that the first drug therapy to slow the progression of nearsightedness in kids could be on the horizon. The three-year study found that a daily drop in each eye of a low dose of atropine, a drug used to dilate pupils, was better than a placebo at limiting eyeglass prescription changes and inhibiting elongation of the eye in nearsighted children aged 6 to 10.

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Scientists have identified the neurons that are activated when perceiving others, as well as the neurons that represent value information associated with others in the CA1 region of the hippocampus using a novel social recognition experiment.

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Scientists at the Royal Hospital for Women in Sydney have made a breakthrough in how to treat endometriosis that could save women years of pain and suffering.

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New research provides the first physiological evidence from inside the human brain supporting the dominant scientific theory on how the brain consolidates memory during sleep. Further, deep-brain stimulation during a critical time in the sleep cycle appeared to improve memory consolidation.

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Some people live longer than others -- possibly due to a unique combination of bacteria in their intestines, new research concludes.

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Researchers have partnered to create a first-of-its-kind open-source, reproducible analysis platform for pediatric brain tumors. With the help of thousands of genomically sequenced samples, researchers have used this platform to identify initial findings about genetic variants associated with poorer outcomes that could help guide future diagnostic and therapeutic advances.

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